Research of stresses in the frame of the garbage truck with rear loading of the comparator
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2020-11-1-49-54Keywords:
frame strength, deformation diagram, design optimization, safety factor, deformation stressAbstract
The layout of electric garbage trucks is different from cars with a classic drive. The presence of heavy batteries, the specific placement of traction electric drives requires a different placement of the compactor, which affects the strength of the chassis frame as a whole, as well as local stress concentrators.
The article considers the problems of designing electric-powered garbage trucks, including the issues of ensuring the strength of the supporting structure of the chassis of an "environmentally friendly" garbage truck with its subsequent optimization.
The calculations were carried out for an ERCV series electric garbage truck with a rear-loading compactor using the finite element method using the Ansys Workbench computer program. Three types of calculations were carried out: bending with a dynamic coefficient of 2, torsion with an unloaded left front wheel with a dynamic coefficient of 1, torsion with unloaded right rear wheel with a dynamic coefficient of 1. Plots of total deformation, equivalent stresses and safety factors were constructed for the results of calculations.
In order to increase the strength characteristics of the frame, the design was optimized, which was carried out by replacing the sections of the rods and increasing the thickness of the sheets in places that turned out to be unsafe for the first type of calculations.
After comparing the calculation results, it was found that due to changes in the cross-sections of the rods and an increase in the thickness of the sheets, for the bending mode, it was possible to reduce the deformation of the frame from 16.15 mm to 2.07 mm, and the equivalent stresses by 20%, therefore, to increase the margin of safety for this mode loads.
The data obtained made it possible to clarify the dependence of the stresses on the frame on the forces in the suspension. The developed technique and the finite element mathematical model of the garbage truck frame were used to test new design solutions in the welded frame of the Electrotrans garbage truck. Based on the calculation results, the chassis frame design was optimized.
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