Determination of rational technology for the delivery of plant products in containers between Ukraine and Spain

Abstract

A solution to the current scientific and applied problem of determining a rational technology for delivering plant products in containers in international traffic between Ukraine and Spain in the context of the transformation of logistics chains and limited capacity of border infrastructure is proposed. Particular attention is paid to substantiating the feasibility of using container transportation as an alternative to traditional delivery schemes using grain wagons, which allows minimizing time losses, reducing costs for transshipment operations and increasing the flexibility of transport and logistics processes. A methodical approach to the formation and selection of a rational delivery technology has been developed, which is based on building a mathematical model for determining the total costs of the logistics chain. The formed model takes into account a complex of technological operations, in particular loading, unloading, reloading, storage, transportation, waiting for shipment and documentation. The order volume, delivery (export) distance and main transportation distance were used as input parameters. To form a reliable statistical base, an analysis of real orders for the transportation of plant products from Ukraine to Spain was carried out, on the basis of which the laws of distribution of random variables and sampling parameters were determined. A full-factorial experimental design was developed and a corresponding series of numerical calculations were performed. Based on the results obtained, regression mathematical models were constructed for two alternative delivery technologies, characterized by high indicators of adequacy and statistical significance. The comparative analysis made it possible to establish that the use of container technology ensures a sustainable reduction in total costs in the entire range of changes in input parameters. The average economic effect of implementing the proposed approach is over 24 thousand hryvnias per consignment of cargo, and the maximum exceeds 42 thousand hryvnias. The practical value of the results lies in the possibility of using the developed mathematical models and methodological approach in the activities of freight forwarding and logistics companies to optimize international transportation processes, justify management decisions and form rational logistics schemes. The proposed solutions can be integrated into decision support systems and digital traffic flow management platforms.