Optimisation of spare parts logistics in grain transportation as a factor in reducing accident rates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2026-23-1-42-49Keywords:
spare parts logistics, grain transportation, road vehicles, predictive maintenance, telematics, accident reduction, road safety, supply chain optimisationAbstract
The article investigates the significance of optimising spare parts logistics in ensuring the reliability and safety of road vehicles used for grain transportation. Grain transport has distinctive characteristics linked to seasonal peaks, high fleet utilisation, and increased demands on technical readiness. During harvest periods, the intensity of operations rises sharply, leading to accelerated wear of critical components, frequent technical failures, and heightened accident risks. In such conditions, timely supply and rational management of spare parts become crucial factors directly influencing accident rates and the efficiency of carriers.
The study analyses typical failures and malfunctions occurring in grain transport operations, such as brake system deterioration, suspension overload, transmission faults, and cooling inefficiencies, and evaluates their impact on road safety. It substantiates the need for modern digital forecasting systems to predict spare parts demand, the integration of telematics technologies for monitoring vehicle condition, and the creation of flexible supply chains capable of responding to seasonal fluctuations in demand. Particular attention is given to the establishment of strategic reserves of critical components in regions with high concentrations of grain transport, the standardisation of maintenance protocols, and the training of personnel to operate effectively under conditions of intensive transport load.
Practical recommendations are proposed for optimising spare parts logistics, including classification of parts by criticality, adoption of “just-in-time” supply models, and the use of predictive maintenance practices. These measures enable reductions in downtime, fewer emergency repairs, and improved competitiveness of transport companies. The article demonstrates that a systematic approach to spare parts management in grain transportation is a key factor in reducing accident rates, enhancing road safety, and ensuring compliance with international standards of transport reliability.
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